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The strength of pure titanium is very low, making it a material for aerospace structures without industrial practical value. The first titanium alloy to receive industrial application was Ti-6Al-4V (gr5), developed by Kessler and Hansen in the United States in 1953. Due to its excellent properties such as heat resistance, toughness, weldability, corrosion resistance, and fatigue resistance, it has become the most widely used titanium alloy.
The aerospace application of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloys standard is AMS4911, which can be divided into aircraft structural titanium alloys and engine structural titanium alloys. In terms of aerospace, titanium sheet are mainly used as structural and container manufacturing materials for rockets, missiles, and spacecraft.
The temperature requirement for the use of titanium alloys in aircraft structures is generally below 350 ℃, which requires high specific strength, good toughness, excellent fatigue resistance, and good welding process performance. Titanium alloys for engines require high specific strength, good thermal stability, oxidation resistance, creep resistance, and other properties. In addition to the performance requirements of titanium alloys used in aviation, aerospace vehicles also require high temperature resistance and radiation resistance.
In terms of aviation engines, aerospace titanium sheet are applied in compressor discs, blades, drums, high-pressure compressor rotors, compressor casings, and other fields. About 30% of the structural weight of modern turbine engines is made of titanium alloy materials. The application of titanium sheet reduces the quality of compressor blades and fan blades, while also extending the lifespan and inspection intervals of components.
Chemical composition
Element | Min % | Max % |
Al | 5.5 | 6.75 |
V | 3.5 | 4.50 |
Fe | - | 0.30 |
O | - | 20 |
C | - | 0.08 |
N | - | 0.05 |
H | - | 0.015 |
Y | - | 0.005 |
Others, each | - | 0.1 |
Others, all | - | 0.4 |
Ti | Balanced | |
Minimum mechanical properties
Thickness/mm | Tensile strength (min) Mpa | Yield strength 0.2% offset (min) Mpa | Elongation in 4D, min, % |
0~0.20 | 920 | 866 | - |
0.2-0.63 | 920 | 866 | 6 |
0.63-1.6 | 920 | 866 | 10 |
0.063-0.1875 | 920 | 866 | 10 |
0.1875-4.0 | 893 | 823 | 10 |
The amount of titanium alloy is often used as an indicator to measure the advanced level of aircraft material selection and the development level of the aviation industry, which is closely related to the combat capability of the aircraft. The weight of titanium alloy in the US F-15 aircraft structure accounts for about 26%, while that in the Fourth-generation fighter F-22 aircraft structure accounts for 38.8%. The titanium consumption of the F100 PW100 turbofan engine equipped with the F15 aircraft is 25% to 30%, while the titanium consumption of the V2500 engine of the F-22 has been increased to 31%.
At present, the titanium consumption in the aviation industry accounts for more than half of the world titanium market, making it a well-deserved aviation material.
No.26 Baotai Road, Weibin District, Baoji City, Shaanxi, China.
No.26 Baotai Road, Weibin District, Baoji City, Shaanxi, China.
